What are the three phases of IV contrast enhancement?

Phases of enhancement

Non-enhanced CT (NECT)
Early arterial phase – 15-20 sec p.i. or immediately after bolustracking.
Late arterial phase – 35-40 sec p.i. or 15-20 sec after bolustracking.
Hepatic or late portal phase – 70-80 sec p.i. or 50-60 sec after bolustracking.

What is a triple phase CT scan?

Triple-phase CT (including an arterial phase, a portal venous phase, and a late washout phase) has been found to be highly accurate in the diagnosis and characterization of HCCs but, like US, may miss smaller lesions. Pooled estimates reveal a sensitivity of 68% and a specificity of 93%.

What is the delay given for Nephrographic phase in renal Mdct?

In the present study, the optimal scan delay for the nephrographic phase was 30 sec after the bolus trigger.

What is a delayed Nephrogram?

A delayed nephrogram, commonly described on plain film urography, but also visible on CT urography, is when there is absence or reduction of the normal renal parenchymal enhancement on the nephrographic phase images.

What is portal venous phase CT?

The portal venous phase, also known as the late portal phase or hepatic phase, is a contrast-enhanced CT or MRI series that has the following characteristics: liver parenchyma is at its peak enhancement with a density >110 HU (an increase of at least 50 HU from the unenhanced baseline)

How do you perform a 3 phase CT abdomen?

In this scan, the images are taken in three phases: first phase is without the contrast (native), second phase is when a contrast is injected and the arteries are visualised and the third phase helps to visualise the veins when the contrast is flushed out of the portal veins.

What is CT kidney triple phase?

The triple-bolus multidetector CT urographic scanning technique provides sufficient opacification and distention of the upper urinary tract, while simultaneously achieving adequate image quality of renal parenchyma and vascular anatomy.

What is a CT kidney triple phase?

What causes failure of the normal nephrographic contrast?

Failure of the normal temporal progression of nephrographic contrast can result from a number of renal conditions: The abnormal kidney shows nephrographic enhancement in the delayed or urographic phase which persists for a prolonged period of time.

What do you need to know about contrast enhancement?

Basics of contrast-enhancement. 1 Phases of enhancement. The purpose of contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) is to find pathology by enhancing the contrast between a lesion and the normal 2 Timing of CECT. 3 Total amount of contrast. 4 Injection rate. 5 Oral contrast.

When does the vascular phase of CT urography occur?

The vascular phase is also referred to as the angio-graphic or corticomedullary phase. It appears 25–80 seconds after injection of IV contrast material [1]. The nephrographic phase is present approximately 90 seconds after injection of IV contrast material.

When does the nephrographic and pyelographic phase occur?

The nephrographic phase is present approximately 90 seconds after injection of IV contrast material. The pyelographic or excretory phase is present 3 minutes after injection of IV contrast material ( Fig. 1 ).

What are the three phases of IV contrast enhancement? Phases of enhancement Non-enhanced CT (NECT) Early arterial phase – 15-20 sec p.i. or immediately after bolustracking. Late arterial phase – 35-40 sec p.i. or 15-20 sec after bolustracking. Hepatic or late portal phase – 70-80 sec p.i. or 50-60 sec after bolustracking. What is a…