What happens to keratinocytes in psoriasis?

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a clear genetic contribution, characterized by keratinocyte proliferation and immune cell infiltration. Various closely interacting cell types, including innate immune cells, T cells, and keratinocytes, are known to contribute to inflammation.

What does active psoriasis look like?

Psoriasis is a skin condition that causes red, flaky, crusty patches of skin covered with silvery scales. These patches normally appear on your elbows, knees, scalp and lower back, but can appear anywhere on your body. Most people are only affected with small patches. In some cases, the patches can be itchy or sore.

How are keratinocytes activated?

In wound healing and many pathologic conditions, keratinocytes become activated: they turn into migratory, hyperproliferative cells that produce and secrete extracellular matrix components and signaling polypeptides. At the same time, their cytoskeleton is also altered by the production of specific keratin proteins.

What gene causes psoriasis?

Scientists led by Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have identified the first gene directly linked to the most common form of psoriasis, a chronic skin condition. The research shows that rare mutations in the CARD14 gene, when activated by an environmental trigger, can lead to plaque psoriasis.

What cell are affected by psoriasis?

Psoriasis is one of the most common immune-mediated chronic, inflammatory skin diseases characterized by hyperproliferative keratinocytes and infiltration of T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages and neutrophils.

Can an immunologist help with psoriasis?

Psoriasis is a frequent inflammatory skin disease. Fundamental research on the pathogenesis of psoriasis has substantially increased our understanding of skin immunology, which has helped to introduce innovative and highly effective therapies.

What kind of keratins are found in psoriasis?

Psoriasis is a common, chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation and aberrant differentiation of keratinocytes. Studies on changes in the epidermis of psoriasis have shown evidence for the presence of three hyperproliferation-associated keratins: keratin (K) 6, K16, and K17.

What is the role of keratinocyte in wound healing?

Epithelial keratinocyte proliferation is an essential element in wound healing, and abnormal epithelial proliferation is an intrinsic factor in the skin disorder psoriasis. The mechanisms that trigger epithelial proliferation are not completely understood.

How does Nrf2 regulate cell proliferation in psoriasis?

Nrf2 regulates cell proliferation. Therefore, we investigated whether Nrf2 regulates keratinocyte proliferation via promoting expression of K6, K16, and K17 in psoriasis. We initially found that psoriatic epidermis exhibited elevated expression of Nrf2.

How does Nrf2 promote the proliferation of keratinocytes?

More importantly, Nrf2 promoted the proliferation of human keratinocytes through up-regulation of K6, K16, or K17.

What happens to keratinocytes in psoriasis? Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a clear genetic contribution, characterized by keratinocyte proliferation and immune cell infiltration. Various closely interacting cell types, including innate immune cells, T cells, and keratinocytes, are known to contribute to inflammation. What does active psoriasis look like? Psoriasis is a skin…