What is an arcuate visual field defect?

A small, bow-shaped (arcuate) visual field defect that follows the arcuate pattern of the retinal nerve fibers; does not cross the horizontal median. Damage to ganglion cells that feed into a particular part of the optic nerve head. More common: Glaucoma.

What are the two types of visual fields?

The monocular visual field consists of central vision, which includes the inner 30 degrees of vision and central fixation, and the peripheral visual field, which extends 100 degrees laterally, 60 degrees medially, 60 degrees upward, and 75 degrees downward (Figure 116.1) A vertical line bisects central fixation and …

What is Cecocentral scotoma?

Cecocentral scotomas: These are visual field defects that extend from the central vision to the natural blind spot. This type of field defect usually represents an insult to the cluster of retinal ganglion cells called the papillomacular bundle.

What can be mistaken for glaucoma?

Conditions that can be mistaken for glaucoma include compressive or infiltrative lesions of the optic nerve, previous ischemic optic neuropathy (both arteritic and non-arteritic), congenital and hereditary optic neuropathies, post-traumatic optic neuropathy and inflammatory and demyelinating optic neuritis.

Do scotomas go away?

Scintillating scotomas are typically benign, meaning that they aren’t a cause for concern and they go away without treatment. Recurring scintillating scotomas can indicate other health conditions, such as migraine, glaucoma, multiple sclerosis, and preeclampsia.

How is scotoma diagnosed?

The presence of the blind spot scotoma can be demonstrated subjectively by covering one eye, carefully holding fixation with the open eye, and placing an object (such as one’s thumb) in the lateral and horizontal visual field, about 15 degrees from fixation (see the blind spot article).

How do you test for scotoma?

Scotomas generally are detected and monitored using an automated visual field test (sometimes called a Humphrey visual field test). This test typically is supervised by a trained assistant in your eye doctor’s office. During the visual field test, you will be seated in front of a large, bowl-shaped instrument.

How are arcuate scotomas related to visual field defects?

Early significant changes: Roenne’s central nasal step: Because of the anatomy of the horizontal raphe, all complete arcuate scotomas end at the nasal horizontal meridian. A steplike defect along the horizontal meridian results from asymmetric loss of nerve fiber bundles in the superior and inferior hemifields.

Which is more susceptible to arcuate scotomas superior or inferior?

Inferior arcuate fibers are more susceptible resulting in arcuate scotomas earlier in Superior visual field. This can be correlated in Glaucomatous optic disc changes as inferior temporal rim thickening in early stages. The reason behind this still remains obscure. 3.

What happens when you have a central scotoma?

A central scotoma is a blind spot that sits directly in your line of sight. When you have a central scotoma, you experience visual field defects that make specific tasks either challenging or impossible. For example, with a central scotoma, you could have difficulty making out colors and details or even driving.

What are the different types of scotomas in vision?

Types of Scotomas. 1 1. Scintillating Scotomas. When you have a scintillating scotoma, you may experience blurred vision and have the sensation of a luminous appearance 2 2. Central Scotomas. 3 3. Paracentral Scotomas.

What is an arcuate visual field defect? A small, bow-shaped (arcuate) visual field defect that follows the arcuate pattern of the retinal nerve fibers; does not cross the horizontal median. Damage to ganglion cells that feed into a particular part of the optic nerve head. More common: Glaucoma. What are the two types of visual…