What is cortical nephrocalcinosis?

Renal cortical nephrocalcinosis is a rare condition in which there is calcification within the renal parenchyma. This article reports a 33-year-old patient who developed acute renal failure following multiple injuries leading to hemorrhagic shock.

What are the causes of medullary nephrocalcinosis?

Conditions that can cause nephrocalcinosis include:

Alport syndome.
Bartter syndrome.
Chronic glomerulonephritis.
Familial hypomagnesemia.
Medullary sponge kidney.
Primary hyperoxaluria.
Renal transplant rejection.
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA)

Is nephrocalcinosis a kidney disease?

Nephrocalcinosis is a kidney disorder in which an excess of calcium deposited in the kidneys. It is common in premature babies and in most cases, both kidneys are affected. Nephrocalcinosis is related to kidney stones (nephrolithiasis), although it is not the same disease.

What causes cortical necrosis?

Renal cortical necrosis is caused by the injury of that small arteries that supply blood to renal cortex. This arterial injury can be triggered by an endothelial lesion in a situation of severe renal isquemia or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

What is the treatment for nephrocalcinosis?

Treatment of macroscopic nephrocalcinosis (calcium deposition that is visible without magnification) may include thiazide diuretics and dietary salt restriction, potassium and magnesium supplementation, and citrate supplementation in idiopathic hypercalciuria (of unknown cause) and in distal renal tubular acidosis.

What is a cortical calcification?

Cerebral cortical calcification or gyral calcification refers to curvilinear calcifications involving the cerebral cortex. Causes include: vascular. ischemic stroke sequelae. arteriovenous malformation.

How is nephrocalcinosis treated?

Is medullary nephrocalcinosis serious?

It is most commonly seen as an incidental finding with medullary sponge kidney on an abdominal x-ray. However, it may be severe enough to cause (as well as be caused by) renal tubular acidosis or even end stage kidney disease, due to disruption of the kidney tissue by the deposited calcium.

How do you get rid of calcification in the kidneys?

Kidney stone treatments help break down calcium buildup in the kidneys. Your doctor may prescribe a diuretic called thiazide to help prevent future calcium kidney stones. This diuretic signals the kidneys to release urine while holding on to more calcium.

Is cortical necrosis reversible?

Irreversible renal failure leading to end stage renal diseases (ESRD) is the final outcome of diffuse cortical necrosis; and (2) patchy cortical necrosis: Contiguous area of cortical necrosis involve up to one-third to half of the entire cortical tissue.

What is cortical necrosis disease?

Renal (kidney) cortical necrosis is death of the tissue in the outer part of the kidney (cortex) that results from blockage of the small arteries that supply blood to the cortex and that causes acute kidney injury. Usually the cause is a major, catastrophic disorder that decreases blood pressure.

Does nephrocalcinosis go away?

Lessening of nephrocalcinosis may occur over time, but in many cases, such as when it results from primary hyperoxaluria or distal renal tubular acidosis, nephrocalcinosis is largely irreversible.

Which is the most common cause of cortical nephrocalcinosis?

Causes of cortical nephrocalcinosis are listed in Table 1. The most frequent causes are chronic glomerulonephritis and acute cortical necrosis [ 1, 2, 4, 6 ]. The aetiology of cortical nephrocalcinosis in our patient was most probably the presence of the chronic glomerulonephritis; other known causes were excluded.

How is nephrocalcinosis related to kidney stones?

Any disorder that leads to high levels of calcium in the blood or urine may lead to nephrocalcinosis. In this disorder, calcium deposits in the kidney tissue itself. Most of the time, both kidneys are affected. Nephrocalcinosis is related to, but not the same as, kidney stones (nephrolithiasis). Conditions that can cause nephrocalcinosis include:

Can a person with nephrocalcinosis be inherited?

Nephrocalcinosis itself is not inherited. However, the condition causing nephrocalcinosis in an individual may be inherited. Some inherited conditions that may be associated with nephrocalcinosis include: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)

What are the treatment options for nephrocalcinosis?

The goal of treatment is to reduce symptoms and prevent more calcium from being deposited in the kidneys. Measures are usually taken to reduce abnormal levels of calcium, phosphate, and oxalate in the blood. Medications that cause calcium loss are typically stopped.

What is cortical nephrocalcinosis? Renal cortical nephrocalcinosis is a rare condition in which there is calcification within the renal parenchyma. This article reports a 33-year-old patient who developed acute renal failure following multiple injuries leading to hemorrhagic shock. What are the causes of medullary nephrocalcinosis? Conditions that can cause nephrocalcinosis include: Alport syndome. Bartter syndrome.…