What is the key role of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan?

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) consist of a core protein and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains. CSPGs have an important role in CNS injuries and diseases. After CNS injury, CSPGs are the major inhibitory component of the glial scar. Removal of CSPGs improves axonal regeneration and functional recovery.

What is the function of chondroitin sulfate?

Chondroitin sulfate is a chemical found in human and animal cartilage. It is commonly used by mouth with glucosamine or other ingredients for osteoarthritis. Chondroitin sulfate is one of the building blocks of cartilage. In osteoarthritis, the cartilage in the joints breaks down.

Is Chondroitin a protein?

Chondroitin sulfate is a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) composed of a chain of alternating sugars (N-acetylgalactosamine and glucuronic acid). It is usually found attached to proteins as part of a proteoglycan.

What is chondroitinase ABC?

Chondroitinase ABC is an enzyme, which promotes neurite outgrowth and regeneration. It has shown considerable promise as a therapy for these conditions. The aim of the study is to determine if targeting chondroitinase ABC expression to the neuronal axon can further enhance its ability to promote axon outgrowth.

Is chondroitin bad for kidneys?

At this time, there are no known contraindications to the use of glucosamine or chondroitin sulfate other than allergy to these substances, and the current evidence suggests they can be safely administered to patients with renal insufficiency.

What cell makes aggrecan?

chondrocytes
Aggrecan is a multimodular molecule expressed by chondrocytes. Its core protein is composed of three globular domains (G1, G2, and G3) and a large extended region (CS) between G2 and G3 for glycosaminoglycan chain attachment.

What is proteoglycan aggregate?

The proteoglycan aggregate is the major structural component of the extracellular matrix of the cartilage, composed of aggrecan, hyaluronan (HA) and link protein (LP). The aggregates provide cartilage with unique gel-like property and resistance to deformation through water absorption.

What kind of protein is chondroitin sulfate ( CSPG )?

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are proteoglycans consisting of a protein core and a chondroitin sulfate side chain. They are known to be structural components of a variety of human tissues, including cartilage, and also play key roles in neural development and glial scar formation.

Which is transmembrane protein binds to CSPGs?

PTP-sigma (a transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase) is a recently discovered receptor for CSPGs, and is important for proper CSPG function. PTP-sigma binds with very high affinity to CSPGs, specifically neurocan and aggrecan.

Why are CSPGs important to the central nervous system?

CSPGs have been implicated in inhibiting axonal regeneration and neurogenesis after central nervous system injury. CSPGs are known to be part of the glial scar that forms post injury, acting as a barrier to prevent axon extension and regrowth, preventing regrowth up to 82%.

How does CSPG inhibit axon regrowth after spinal cord injury?

The CSPG inhibition of axon regrowth and neurogenesis post spinal cord injury has been shown to be associated with the rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) pathway. Studies have shown that when CSPGs inhibit axon growth in the glial scar, the ROCK pathway is activated.

What is the key role of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan? Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) consist of a core protein and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains. CSPGs have an important role in CNS injuries and diseases. After CNS injury, CSPGs are the major inhibitory component of the glial scar. Removal of CSPGs improves axonal regeneration and functional recovery. What…